Comparative and superlative

COMPARATIVE
Grados del adjetivo:
Al igual que en español, cuando queremos hacer comparaciones contrastamos cualidades o atributos por medio de adjetivos en sus diversos grados:
1. El grado positivo: es la cualidad en el grado más simple: fast (rápido)
2. El grado comparativo:
– comparativo de superioridad: faster than … más rápido que ….
– comparativo de inferioridad: less fast than … menos rápido que ..
– comparativo de igualdad: as fast as …. tan rápido como …
3. El grado superlativo: the fastest … el más rápido
Formación del comparativo
Para formar el comparativo aplicaremos diferentes reglas según los siguientes grupos:
1. Para adjetivos cortos o de una sílaba:Para formar el comparativo añadimos al adjetivo la terminación -er:
Por ejemplo, al adjetivo fast (rápido) le añadimos -er: faster (más rápido)
Ejemplos:
A train is faster than a bicycle.(Un tren es más rápido que una bicicleta.)
The sea is larger than a lake. (El mar es más grande que un lago.)
2. Para los adjetivos acabados en «y», «er», «le», «ow» de dos sílabas:
Para formar comparaciones se añade la terminación -er.
Y si acaban en y, esta se sustituirá por la i latina.
Por ejemplo, el adjetivo easy (fácil) acabará con -ier: easier (más fácil)
Ejemplos:
This work is easier than yours (Este trabajo es más fácil que el tuyo.)
I’m cleverer than her (Soy más inteligente que ella.)
My car is slower than yours (Mi coche es más lento que el tuyo.)
3. Para adjetivos largos de dos o más sílabasPara formar comparaciones, el adjetivo irá precedido de la palabra more. Por ejemplo, el adjetivo modern (moderno) será more modern (más moderno)
Ejemplos:
This house is more modern. (Esta casa es más moderna.)

Los adjetivos irregulares:
Son los adjetivos que tienen una sintaxis particular para comparaciones
adjetivo comparación
good better
bad worse
far further-farther
old older / eldest
many/much more
little less

SUPERLATIVE
1. Para adjetivos cortos o de una sílaba:Para formar el superlativo añadiremos al adjetivo -est, además el adjetivo irá precedido del artculo The.
Por ejemplo, al adjetivo old (viejo) le añadimos -est: the oldest (el ms viejo/mayor)
Ejemplos:
My father is the oldest. (Mi padre es el más mayor)
My house is the largest. (Mi casa es la más grande)
2. Para los adjetivos acabados en «y», «er», «le», «ow» de dos sílabas:Para formar el superlativo añadiremos -est, además el adjetivo irá precedido del artculo The.
Y si acaban en y, esta se sustituir por la i latina. Además siempre irá precedido por el artculo The. Por ejemplo el adjetivo ugly (feo) acabará con -iest: the ugliest (el más feo)
Ejemplos:
This man is the ugliest. (Este hombre es el más feo.)
3. Para adjetivos largos de dos o más sílabasPara formar el superlativo, el adjetivo irá precedido por : The + most
El adjetivo beautiful (hermoso) será: The most beautiful (el más hermoso).
Ejemplos:
This woman is the most beautiful. (Esta mujer es la más hermosa).
Los adjetivos irregulares:
Son los adjetivos que tienen una sintaxis particular para comparaciones y superlativos:
adjetivo superlativo
good The best
bad The worst
far The furthet-farthest
old The oldest / eldest
many/much The most
little The least

1-All one -syllable and most two -syllable adjectives take the endings -er in the comparative form and -est in the superlative form.tall-taller-tallest fat-fatter-fattest happy-happier-happiest
2-We form the comparative of adjectives with three or more syllables (and some two-syllables adjectives) with more+adjective and the superlative with most +adjective.beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
3- All one-syllable adverbs and ‘early’ take the endings -er in the comparative form and -est in the superlative form.fast-faster-fastest early-earlier -earliest
4- We form the comparative of adverbs with three or more syllables with more+adverb and the superlative with most+adverb.
nicely-more nicely-most nicely

EXERCISES

1.- Choose the right answer .-Our house is big /more big / biggest / bigger than theirs.
I’m taller / more tall / tall / the tallest than my brother.
Tortoises live more long / the longest / long /longer than cats.
Electrical goods are usually more cheap / the cheapest / more cheaper / cheaper in America than in Britain.
Electrical goods are usually most expensive / expensive / more expensive / expensive in Britain than in America.
Bob Dylan is a better / more good / gooder / best singer than George Michael.
I think mathematics is difficult / more difficult / difficulter than English.
Oxford is quite near to London but Liverpool is far / farer / more far / further .
2.- Choose the right comparative .-Big a)biger b)bigger c)more big
Expensive a)expensiver b)expensiveer c)more expensive
Tall a)taller b)taler c)more tall
Pretty a)prettyer b)prettier c)more pretty
Silly a)sillyer b)sillier c)more silly
Intelligent a)intelligenter b)intelligentier c)more intelligent
Stupid a)stupider b)stupidder c)more stupid
Good a)gooder b)better c)more good
Bad a)badder b)worse c)more bad
Slow a)slower b)slowwer c)more slow
Fast a)faster b)fastlier c)more fast
Short a)shorter b)shortier c)more short
Happy a)happyer b)happier c)more happy
Beautiful a)beautifuler b)beautifuller c)more beautiful
3.-Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets.-1.My house is (big)______ than yours.
2.This flower is (beautiful) _______ than that one.
3.Non-smokers usually live (long)_____ than smokers.
4.A holiday by the sea is (good) ______than a holiday in the mountains.
5.It is strange but often a coke is (expensive)______ than a beer.
6.The weather this summer is even (bad)______ than last summer.
7 Everyone should know that reading a book is (good)___ than watching television.
8. My grandfather always says that a good health is (important)_______ than anything else.
9. Jessica is (bad)_______ than Cristin at mathematics.
10 Going to Boston by car is (long) ______than going by train.
11. Tunisia is (beautiful)_______ in summer than in winter.
12 Jack thought that the second part of that film is (interesting)_______ than the first part.
13. I think that Turkish language is (hard)_____ than French language.
14. New York is (big) _____than Dover.
4.-Complete with comparative .-Bob is (YOUNG)_____ than Homer.
Homer is (OLD) _______than Alice.
Alice is (SLIM) ______than Bob.
Bob is (SHORT) _______than Homer.
Homer is (FAT) ______than Bob.
Alice is (SHORT) _______than Homer.
Homer is (UGLY) _______than Alice.
Homer is (SLOW) ______than Bob.
Bob is (TIDY) _______than Homer.
Alice is (BEAUTIFUL)________ than Bob.
Alice has got (LONG) _______hair than Bob.
Homer can play the guitar (GOOD)______ than Alice.
Alice can run (FAST) ________than Homer.
Alice draws (BAD) _______than Bob.
Bob is (INTELLIGENT) ________than Homer.
Homer is a (INTERESTING) _______person than Bob.
Apples are ____________ than chips. (healthy)
Elephants are _______ (big) than bears.
Gold is __________ than silver. (expensive)
Bikes are ____________ than cars. (slow)
I am __________ at English than my brother .(good)
My friend is ______ than me. (tall)
Sandy is _________ than Tamara. (thin)
My father is ______ than Tom’s father. (strong)
«Harry Potter «books are ________ than «The Book of the Jungle». (interesting)
The tiger is _______ than a fox .(heavy)
The weather is ______ than yesterday . (hot)
The girls are _______ than the boys. (happy)
Berta is _______ than Debby.(beautiful)
French is ______ than English. (difficult)
Tina is 5 years old. Sandra is 10 years old. Sandra is _____ than Tina.(old)
Russia is______ than France. (large)
I am _______ at maths than my best friend (bad)
Love is ________ than money.(important)
His car is _________ than mine. (cheap)
The first movie is _________ than the second.I don’t recommend it. (boring)

5.- Complete the sentences with comparative form. .-My flat isn’t very big.- I want a _______ flat.
My motorbike isn’t very fast but my car is ________ than my motorbike.
My husband isn’t very rich. I need a _______ husband .
Your computer is getting old now. My computer is _______ than yours.
His camera isn’t very good. He needs a _______ camera.
It isn’t very hot today. It is ________ than yesterday.
I’m not very interested in football. I’m _______________ in tennis.
6.- Complete with comparative or superlative .-William Shakespeare is (famous) ________ writer in England.
The elephant is (big) _________ than the lion.
Sergio is (old) ________ than Malcolm.
Our house is (old) ________in the neighbourhood.
That book is (interesting)_____________ than the newspaper.
This cake is (delicious) __________ than that one.
This is (bad) _____________ programme in television history.
That picture is (clear) ________ than this one.
7- Write the opposites .-
FAR _________ UGLY __________ CHEAP __________ EAST __________
SLOW __________ BIG __________ COLD _________ NEW ___________
TALL _________ HANDSOME________ RICH _______ GOOD_________
8.- Write comparations.-Barcelona / Valencia / dirty
Turia / Ebro / long
Obelix / Axterix / strong
June / December / hot
9.-Complete the comparisons using the adjectives in brackets.
Windsurfing is _________than Water-skiing.(exciting)
Which is________ city in your country? (beautiful)
His jokes are much_____ than yours. (bad)
The _______ place in the world is in Hawaii. (wet)
Teide is not________ Mount Everest.(high)
10.- Complete with comparative.-
– Money is important, but friends are ____________
– The first book was good , and the second book was _______
Steven Spielberg is rich , but Bill Gates is _______
Madrid is large, but London is _______
This exam is easy, but yesterday´s exam was _________
11.-Complete with AS or THAN.-I´m not as old ____ my sister
It´s colder in winter ____ in spring
The sea isn´t ____ warm ____ it was yesterday
This hat suits you better _____ that one
12-Complete with Comparative or superlative form.-
She is a pretty girl, but her sister is ___________.
Yesterday was hot but today is ___________.
That movie is good, but the one we saw Sunday was _________.
This book is (interesting ) __________ than the one I read last week.
It is (important) ___________ to go to class than to play cards.
That teacher is (interesting) ___________ than the teacher we had last semester.
That house is not as big as ours, but its (nice) __________.
Those shoes are not as nice as the pair I bought last week, but they are (comfortable) ____________.
The bedroom on the first floor is (large) ________ than the bedroom on the second floor.
Yes, but the bedroom on the second floor is (nice) _______.
13.- Read, translate y write the description of your city o another .-
Portland, Oregon is located in the northwest of the United States. It is the largest city in the state of Oregon. The city is famous for its proximity to the mountains and the ocean. Portland’s weather is famous for its rain. However, the spring and summer are quite lovely.
YOUR CITY ___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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